"The postwar debate on mandatory clerical celibacy in the Catholic Church did not begin in earnest until 1968. Against the backdrop of the release of the papal encyclical Humanae Vitae banning artificial contraception and calls or liberalizing the legal sexual order in West Germany, an internal Catholic debate on the charismatic nature of celibacy metamorphosed into a public debate, in which non-Catholics took an active role. For reform- Catholics and non-Catholics in the 1970s, the clerical celibacy requirement became emblematic of the Church’s intransigence on artificial contraception and more generally of its negative valuation of sexuality. Resentful of the Church’s active resistance to ecclesial and secular reforms concerning sexual morality, Catholic reformers and non-Catholics utilized the issue of celibacy to challenge their religious and secular authority exercised by the institutional Church in West Germany. In this challenge, the media played a critical role."
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Priesthood in the Catholic Church
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