"The famous 'Greek fire', which played so important a part in the defense of the Byzantine empire from the seventh century, had no precise formula, but its essential ingredient seems to have been naphtha... It appears that by the eleventh century the Chinese were aware that the incendiary properties of such mixtures could be much increased by the addition of nitre, the reason being that when it is heated this substance yields oxygen."
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Potassium nitrate
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