"The real causes of the disturbances that now arose are scarcely explained by Maryland historians. Governor Fendall is charged with being the chief cause of rebellion. It is true that Fendall tried to keep in favor with the party of resistance, and that he initially connected with Gerrard, whose party was destined to triumph in 1689; but it was really the question of taxation that caused the so-called Fendall's Rebellion. It is sometimes said it was a Puritan movement, and so it was in one sense; but Gerrard, who seemed to be the real leader, was a Catholic who had been and was then a member of the Council. In 1647 an act was passed by the Assembly granting the Proprietor a duty of ten shillings on every hogshead of tobacco exported from the province. This act, by admission of the Proprietor, was the cause of complaints."
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Frances Edgar Sparks, "Constitutional History of Maryland, 16581689," ch. 4 of Causes of the Maryland Revolution of 1689 (Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1896), p. 31.
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Josias Fendall
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