"The wavelength necessary to effect the π → π* transition in a conjugated molecule depends on the energy gap between HOMO and LUMO, which in turn depends on the nature of the conjugated system. Thus, by measuring the UV spectrum of an unknown, we can derive structural information about the nature of any conjugated π electron system present in a molecule."
January 1, 1970
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ultraviolet%E2%80%93visible_spectroscopy