"Germs... share all the attributes that... form the scientific definition of life. Simply put, they are born and they die, and in between they engage in the three processes of metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Metabolism comprises all of the physical and chemical processes... including extracting energy from the environment to fuel growth and reproduction. ...All living things on Earth share one more feature. They are made up of cells... The most elementary units of life, cells are bits of bounded by a thin membrane and containing s (DNA and RNA), s, s, s, and carbohydrates. ...In the simplest terms, cells carry s on their DNA, and the job of genes is to code precise sequences of amino acids, known as peptide chains or peptide sequences, into proteins, the building blocks of life. All living organisms are made up largely of proteins, and the formation of carbohydrates and fats is governed by proteins acting as s. Every cell contains enough genetic information to reproduce itself, and single-celled creatures generally clone themselves by dividing in two. ...living material basically consists of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. These fundamental elements of nature... occur throughout the universe... researchers recently identified... a sugar molecule called glycoaldehyde, in a dust cloud near the center of the Milky Way... it is not hard to imagine that glycoaldehyde or a similar sugar molecule, of stellar origin, could easily have formed , the sugar backbone of the nucleic acids..."