"The hyphenated Waldorf-Astoria was actually two interconnected Astor family hotels. Both were the work of New York architect, , who designed them in the German Renaissance style. The twelve-story Waldorf was built in 1893 by . It was soon dwarfed and enfolded by the adjacent L-shaped sixteen-story Astoria, built by William's cousin, the former . The hotels were joined in 1897. A nasty, long-running fight between Caroline and William led her to instruct Hardenbergh to design the Astoria so that it could be sealed off from the Waldorf at each floor."