"According to what we have termed an identity simulation account, these effects are a consequence of identification with deviant video game characters (e.g., Fischer, Kastenmüller, & Greitemeyer, 2010; Konijn et al., 2007) and self-perception of correspondent deviant personality characteristics and attitudes (e.g., Uhlmann & Swanson, 2004; Fischer et al., 2009; Hull et al., 2012). Although we do not have measures of the extent to which participants identify with game characters in the current research, we can distinguish protagonists in the games they report playing in terms of their motives and values. Specifically, in Grand Theft Auto III, the primary character is an underworld thug working his way up the criminal hierarchy, whereas in Spiderman II the primary character is a superhero using his powers to fight villains. Although these games are similar insofar as both lend themselves to unlimited aggressive behavior, in support of the proposition that the character and motives of the protagonist matters, 13 of 15 specific comparisons between these two games were statistically significant: Play of GTA III was associated with greater behavioral deviance than play of Spiderman II. These differences even extend to our primary measure of aggression."