"From my own personal experience, then, and from what I have observed in the practical experience of others-of the many distinguished and talented young men who have studies Insanity under my care,-it has always struck me, that the moment they came into actual persona contact with the insane, all their preconceived notions of Insanity derived from our systematic works were found to be vague, misty, and purely conventional descriptions of what they actually saw. Acute Mania, instead of being the frightfully agonizing picture drawn by Chiauggi, was only presented to them in the transient and babbling excitement of a harmless and frightened, but dirty unifying, and destructive patient. The gradations between Acute Mania and Mania, and Chronic Mania and Dementia have osme degree of noise and destructiveness, they found to be so gradual, that it was very difficult, and, in fact, only a conventional matter to say where the one beganand the other ended. In “Idiots” and “Dements” they found every degree of mental impairment-from simple loss of memory and slight childishness, to total fatuity, and obliteration of all the mental faculties. Among the so-called “Monomaniacs”, thy found very few who were “Monomaniacs” at all : most of them were insane on severalsubjects, although presenting some more “salient” feature”, such as the fear of poison, hanging, or eternal damnation, or the belief of exalted rank or enormous wealth or power. Many of them had no delusions at all; and gradually we began to discover that the “Moral Insanity”,which was confined to our text-books to a few cases of homicidal and suicidal impulse, ran through every variety of Insanity as at present classified,-so that we found Acute Mania and Chronic Mania, and Melancholia and Monomania or Self-esteem or Pride, and of Fear, all existing without any delusions."