"Explicit symmetry breaking occurs when a dynamical system having a certain symmetry group is perturbed to a system which has strictly less symmetry. We give a geometric approach to study this phenomenon in the setting of Hamiltonian systems. We provide a method for determining the equilibria and relative equilibria that persist after a symmetry breaking perturbation. In particular a lower bound for the number of each is found, in terms of the equivariant Lyusternik–Schnirelmann category of the group orbit."
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Marine Fontaine and James Montaldi:
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Symmetry_breaking
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Symmetry breaking
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