"What exactly was the special and final addition made to the instrument of painting in the nineteenth century? ...[P]ainting accepted at last the full contents of vision as material, all that is given in the coloured camera-reflection of the real world. ...In the first part of the nineteenth century the studies of English landscape painters in natural lighting were accompanied by the researches of science into the laws of light. First Turner and then Delacroix... who had developed their art on traditional lines, received the full impact of the new impulse... Turner was a reader of Field's books on light and colours. He haunted [a] photographer's shops to discuss the laws of light; he was acquainted with Goethe's theory... Delacroix... discovered for himself the laws of simultaneous contrast of colours published by Chevreul in 1838. ...Claude Monet and Camille Pissarro, received from Turner in 1870 the impulsion and the clue to the rendering of high and vivid landscape illumination. They applied the law more strictly and narrowly, and the word 'impressionist,' which had been gathering its various meanings in scientific and artistic discussions... was first applied to them. ...For purposes of analysis it sees the world as a mosaic of patches of colour... The old vision had beaten out three separate acts—the determination of the edges and limits of things, the shading and modelling of the spaces... with black and white, and the tinting of these spaces with their local colour. ...The old painting followed the old vision by... modelling the in dead colour, and finally colouring... The new analysis left the contours to be determined by the junction, more or less fused, of the colour patches... to recover the innocence of the eye, to forget the thing as an object... to... recognize that 'local colour' in light or shade becomes different not only in tone but also in '. And painting tended to follow this new vision by substituting one process for three... ceasing to think in lines except as the boundaries by which these patches limit one another."