"It is a basic fact of life that Nature comes to us in many scales. Galaxies, planets, aardvarks, molecules, atoms and nuclei are very different sizes, and are held together with very different binding energies. Happily enough, it is another fact of life that we don’t need to understand what is going on at all scales at once in order to figure out how Nature works at a particular scale. Like good musicians, good physicists know which scales are relevant for which compositions. The mathematical framework which we use to describe nature — — itself shares this basic feature of Nature: it automatically limits the role which smaller distance scales can play in the description of larger objects. This property has many practical applications, since a systematic identification of how scales enter into calculations provides an important tool for analyzing systems which have two very different scales, m ≪ M. In these systems it is usually profitable to expand quantities in the powers of the small parameter, m/M, and the earlier this is done in a calculation, the more it is simplified."
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C. P. Burgess, (quote from 1st page)
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Effective_field_theory
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Effective field theory
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