Chintaman Vinayak Vaidya

"Such was the terrible beginning of the eventual conquest of India by the Muhammadans, Debal being its first victim. The male population was mostly massacred, the town was completely plundered, many willing and unwilling people were converted, and beautiful females were carried away into capturity. .....Neru, the next city, ......... submited without fighting .... The Buddhist governor tendered his allegiance. He also gave plentiful to the army. Neru was therefore spared. (But) Muhammed Qasim enter ed the town and built a mosque in place of a temple and made arrangements for the government of the place."

"The Indians, no doubt fought among themselves in former times and, even, sometimes appropriated the ‘women of the conquered princes. But there was no compulsion in these cases. If they refused to be wives and concubines of the victors they remained as servants and were even allowed to go away as Buddhist nuns or other recluses. And there was no loss of religion or of caste. But with the Muhammadan conquerers the case was entirely different. Women were forcibly appropriated by them as wives or as concubines or as slaves and were also forcibly converted." Raor was taken and plundered. The fighting people were massacred and the women enslaved. Altogether there were, it is said in the Chachanama, "60,000 slaves including many beautiful women of princely familes." These were, like the plunder, divided between the government and the soldiers. (Vaidya pages 180 & 181). "Brahmanabad fell in the usual way. The merchants and other nonfighting people threw themselves at the mercy of Muhammed Qasim and opcned the gates. The city was immediately taken possession of, the merchants were spared (i.e. not massacred), the warriors were slaughtered and the city was plundered. Women slaves were captured, among them two virgin daughters of Dahar who were sent to the Khalifa with the fifth royal share of plunder."