"The Manipur chronicle Poireiton Khunthokpa records that a band of colonists came from "the land of death" to settle in Manipur. It is said that they were led here by the "Poireiton", whose king was one Khammung Thongaren. It is also written that these people brought "fire" with them."

"And among the hilly tracts surrounding the Manipur valley there are fires which are supposed to have been kindled in the time of Poireiton Khunthokpa."

"Poireiton Khunthokpā MS; M. Chandra Singh wrote an article in the Khonthang magazine, December, 1969, where he quotes many lines from the original Poireiton Khunthokpä in order to prove that Poireiton did not introduce fire in Manipur."

"In earlier literary works like Poireiton Khunthok, Panthoibi Khongul, Numit Kappa, Nungsamei Puya, Naothingthong Phambal Kaba, etc., the presence of loan words has not been noted, but with the introduction of Vaishnavism, the flow of loan words, mainly from Sanskrit and Hindi, increased to a considerable extent with the passage of time."

"In Poireiton Khunthok an instance of cremation of the son of Chakpa Shangloulembi was recorded. Dedication to fire has been the prevailing practice of the Chakpas, the earliest Loi community of Manipur."

"Andro, a pottery-making village is about 27 km towards east of Imphal city. This is a village where the pre-Hindu Manipuris live. They worship fire, believed to be burning from the time of Poireiton Khunthokpa (34-18 B.C.) and also a big Pung (drum). They worship Chakpa Panam Ningthou Meihoupirol."

"It is further narrated in the 'Poreiton Khunthok', Pakhangba Phambal and other ancient texts that Poireiton and his tribe before settling down in the north-western part of Imphal valley travelled through the surrounding hills visiting 85 villages of Shan, Tangkhul, Maring, Anal and Poirei. This shows the process of migration that has taken place in the region."

"The Poireiton Khunthokpa is another work which traces Manipuri civilisation from the age of colonisation of the Manipur valley."

"It is conjectured in the manuscript Poireiton Khunthok is is one person or group that came to settle in the valleys and is the progenitor of the Chakpas of Andro, Sekmai, etc. Since in Ningthourol Lambuba he is also known as Chingkhong Poireiton (Poireiton of the foot-hill), indicating his settlement in the plains (mentioned in the English translation of CK in Arambam-Parratt, 2005:24). According to Arambam-Parratt, the texts here suggest that Poireitons were prior residents of the foothills, whereas the Pakhangba's group perhaps came down from the surrounding mountains..."

"During the old period we get, inter alia, two very important works, viz. Poireiton Khunthok (Emigration of Poereiton) and Numit Kappa (Shooting the Sun)."

"Poireiton Khunthok is another precious chronicle of the Meetei nationality in the past. In the process of the settlement undertaken by Chingkhong Poireiton in Manipur, his progeny had been advised to spread over in the neighbouring countries of Manipur."

"Poireiton Khunthok describes the pottery and neolithic culture of the Chakpas."

"The oldest two books in Manipuri language are: Poireiton Khunthokand Numit Kappa."

"According to Poireiton Khunthok, an old manuscript, there was a reference to the cultivation of paddy and to the chakhao and the variety he brought to Manipur was known as Chakhao poireiton, This happened sometime in the 1st century BCE..."

"A historical text called Poireiton Khunthokpa (Immigration of Poireiton) in Manipuri refers to the three Naga tribes, Kabui, Tangkhul and Anal living in Manipur in the first century."

"Poireiton Khunthokpa is also the precursor of the Manipuri prose literature. Poireiton, the leader of the colonisers, a contemporary of king Nongda Lairen Pakhangba, arrived at the Manipur valley before 33 A. D."

"This text gives an account of the long journey taken by Poireiton and a horde of men on their coming to Manipur. Although, initially the book seems like mythology, it contains historical facts of people and place names. Further, Nongda Lairen Pakhangba, the first historical king is said to have married Laisna, the sister of Poireiton. This Puya also finds mention in the Cheitharol Kumbaba."

"The beginnings of this Old Manipuri literature may go back to 1,500 years or even 2,000 years from now. The late Yumajao Singh thought that Poireiton Khunthok, a prose work describing the settlement of some Meithei tribes, is the oldest work in Manipuri going back to the third century..."

"The Poireiton Khunthokpa associates the fire-worship with Poireiton the leader of a batch of immigrants who are supposed to arrive in Manipur about A.D. 33 according to the traditional calculation."

"...as early as 33 AD narrated in the text Poireiton Khunthok, where a tribe from Khamnung Sawa headed by its chief, Poireiton, migrated and settled in the north-western part of the Imphal valley."

"In the archaic Meitei manuscript Poireiton Khunthok it is written that chakhao was one of the things brought by the immigrant Poireiton and his group when they came and settled down in Manipur after traversing many areas of Myanmar. He is regarded to be a contemporary of Pakhangba the first historical king of Manipur who ascended the throne in AD 33."

"The Poireiton Khunthokpa gives a clue to the origin of Yum Laikhal Taba. It mentions that houses with foundations were in use by the second century A.D and they were constructed with bamboo, covered with thatch and had walls made from a mixture of earth and straw chips. This style of housing continued even today except introduction of modern R.C.C structures in urban areas and to some extent in rural areas."

"Poireiton Khunthokpa (Immigration of Poireiton), an epic about the migration of Poireiton and his people to Manipur. He was invited to rule a small principality under the control of the Ningthouja clan."

"The Poireiton Khunthokpa, is the most conspicuous one of all pre-Garibniwaz manuscripts. From a linguistic point of review, it seems to be much earlier than any of the books yet come under our view. Circumstantial and other incidental evidences would confirm that the book might have been of the time of the third century A. D. It describes the colonization of the valley by a band of prople from the land of Death under Poireiton. They first established their colony near the Langol Hill; probably the vast area between the Koubru Hill and the Langol Hill was their kingdom."

"The Meetei ancestors lived on the hills till the valley dried up. Late Oinam Bhogeswor cites the names of Manipuri autochthones as mentioned in 'Numit Kappa' viz., Chakpa, Shelloi-Langmai, Maring tribe (supposed to be the oldest hill tribe) and Thongnang (possibly the Boros)."

"Numit Kappa is the first long narrative verse which is addressed to the Sun God. According to them, the poem was recited before King Taothingmang (possibly 264-364 A.D.) to the accompaniment of a penā..."

"In earlier literary works like Poireiton Khunthok, Panthoibi Khongul, Numit Kappa, Nungsamei Puya, Naothingthong Phambal Kaba, etc., the presence of loan words has not been noted, but with the introduction of Vaishnavism, the flow of loan words, mainly from Sanskrit and Hindi, increased to a considerable extent with the passage of time."

"Ballet or dance drama is also present in Meitei culture. The famous ballet Numit speaks of the story of two suns. It is a wonderful ballet which can match any ballet of the world having rhythm, expression and lyric."

"Ballet (dance drama) is an essential part of their culture-the most famous being Numit Kappa, depicting the story of two siblings. The rather longish song associated with this ballet is probably the best example of a single song illustrating the entire gamut of rich and ancient culture."

"In the myth of Numit Kappa (Shooting Down A Sun), it is re-emphasized that the kingship is the divine right of the kings and their descendants. The mythical story narrates the revolt of an ordinary person who could not change the power relation of the state. The act of Ningthou Pongba Tara (Ten Great Men) in the story is what the political culture of the society aims to inject in..."

"Numit Kappa is a legend and an allegory. The story mentions that there were two brothers; the younger was the sun and the elder a star. The sun shone in the day and the star in the night blazing brilliantly as the sun. Consequently there was no darkness of the night in the kingdom. The younger brother was the Chief of the Kangleis, one of the seven principalities of Manipur, and his brother the star assisted him as a nobleman. The people under them had to work hard all the day and they were deprived of any respite. Khwai Nongchengpam Piba shot down the star. This frightened the sun and he fled from Kangla abdicating the throne. But peace was brought about after a settlement was made between the Chief and the subjects."

"From the ballad of Numit kappa we know that they believed that once upon a time there were two Sun Gods riding on white horses, and now the moon is the faint pale image of the one that was wounded."

"In the mythology of Numit Kappa, the two suns were even synonymously known with the two kings, ruling together in roster. This may be because of the fact that in the ancient time, kings were considered to be so powerful like sun. As the two kings rule throughout the day, the people on earth were suffering as if there was searing heat coming continuously from the two suns. While serving as a King’s man to the two kings, “Khwai Nungjengbam Piba aka Khwai Nongchengbam Naicha” could not spend any time with his son Haotang-khu and daughter Haotang-han. So, he decided to shoot down one sun (king)."

"There are books like the Numit Kаррa, narrating some old Manipuri legends, and there is a rich literature of chronicles as well as works on the movements of the tribes, in Manipur, which are all preserved in the Old Manipuri language."

"The Lois continued to be worshippers of nature and natural forces, eg, sun and moon (as were the Meiteis during their pre-Vaishnav days), as revealed by the Numit Kappa, a legendary Loi book in the genre of the Epics."

"From their traditional ballet Numit Kappa we may know the story of two suns one of them which become pale due to injury and the other became moon."

"Other genres include allegories such as Numit Kappa (Shooting the sun) which is reproduced with interlinear translation in Hodson (1908),..."

"Numit Kappa, as dealt with before, is an allegory and legend, portraying the exploitation of the people by the powerful and the great and the-courage of the people to rise against them. Two brothers were reigning over their kingdom as the star and the sun respectively, one in the day, another in the night, dazzling the kingdom with bright light giving no respite to their subjects. One of the subjects shot down the star, no longer able to carry the burden to work throughout the day and the night. The sun, in fear, hid himself for a long time plunging the world in darkness. At last the Gods sent Panthoibi, the goddess, who intervened and the sun came out and shone brightly. Apart from its literary qualities it has socio-economic and politico-religious significance."

"According to Numit Kappa, the ancient epic of the Meiteis, nupi amaibi priestesses as we know now came much later, when after the creation of the universe, we reached a time when there were two suns in the sky. In this mythological story, Goddess Panthoibi was the first to take the form of a nupi amaibi."

"In the ballad of Numit Kappa (shooting the sun) goddess Panthoibi is described as an errand girl. She was sent by the gods to request the sun god to come out of hiding."

"Old literary texts like Numit Kappa and Chakpa Khunda Khunthak recorded that Numit Sana Khomdon later known as Pakhangba fled to Moirang and settled here for many years after his defeat in the hands of Khwai Nungjengba Peba."

"The oldest two books in Manipuri language are: Poireiton Khunthok and Numit Kappa."

"Historical bases about the place of Manipur are recorded in such sacred texts like Poireiton Khunthokpa (Migration of Poireiton), Lamitlon (Lore of places), etc."

"The historical text in Manipuri named Poireiton Khunthokpa, refers to the adventures of one coloniser from the East named Poireiton in Manipur. He visited many Shan villages in Kabaw Valley of Burma and the Eastern and Southern hills and Valley of Manipur. He came in search of fruits of immorality. This historical work refers to a number of tribes and communities living in Manipur. Poirei (Meitei), Chakpa. Naga... ."

"Their traditional ballet, Numit Kappa, tells the story of two suns, who in due time became the sun and moon."

"There is a tradition to the effect that formerly there were ten clans and that two, if not three, have been extinguished (mut-khre). In support of this tradition, reference may be made to the favourite ballad of Numit-kappa or the man who shot the sun, where mention is made of the ten kings of the land."

"Numit Kappa, a long narrative verse, with addresses to the Sun god represents one of the oldest specimens of early Manipuri poetry. The recital of the poem before king Taothingmang (264-364 A. D.) to the accompaniment of Pena is recorded in the work Tutoulon."

"Numit Kappa, a Meitei text from the 1st century CE, is particularly relevant and insightful in examining this peculiar relationship between power and violence. The text is recited as incantations during chupsaba, a cleansing ritual for 'violent' death."

"In the early 1920s Grierson, having examined Hodson's version of Numit Kappa in 'old Manipuri' as well as some of Damant's papers, suggested to Pettigrew that he investigate, in cooperation with some Meetei scholars, the archaic Manipuri language and script, since no other Tibeto-Burman language was known to have a literary corpus."

"During the old period we get, inter alia, two very important works, viz. Poireiton Khunthok (Emigration of Poereiton) and Numit Kappa (Shooting the Sun)."