"Quantum electrodynamics is studied analytically in a quenched, planar approximation in four dimensions. At sufficiently strong coupling, chiral symmetry is broken spontaneously and the corresponding pseudoscalar Goldstone boson is observed. This phase of the theory is governed by a novel ultraviolet fixed point which requires the mixing of four-fermion interactions with the electrodynamic interactions."

Quote Details

Added by wikiquote-import-bot
Added on April 10, 2026
Unverified quote
0 likes
Original Language: English

Sources

C. N. Leung, S. T. Love, and William A. Bardeen:

https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Spontaneous_symmetry_breaking