"Boys should not be afraid that running will give them a weak heart or shorten their lives. Statistics prove that longevity has favored the athlete. In 1904 John M. Gaines and Arthur Hunter made a study for the New York Life Insurance Company of the eight hundred and eight men who won athletic letters at Yale from 1863 to 1904 and discovered that the athlete was not only a better physical risk than the average insured person of his time, but also a better risk than the general run of college men of the same classes. In 1928 the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company's statistical department completed and published a study of the longevity of athletes at ten leading American colleges and universities and found that athletes at outlived insured people (who had passed strict physical examinations) by 6.5 to 8.5 per cent and that after the age of forty-five, track athletes outlived those of any other sport."