"Our representative absolutist is Gottlob Frege, whose writings did as much as anything to revive the 'mathematizing' approaches of the Platonist tradition around 1900, and did so—quite explicitly—as a means of protecting philosophy from subordination to the facts of history and psychology. ...The Platonist strand in Descartes' philosophy was revived... by... Frege, who promulgated the original programme of 'conceptual analysis' in his Foundations of Arithmetic. ...Frege ...was rebelling ...against the tendency to telescope formal and prescriptive 'laws of thought', which were the proper concern of logic, with the empirical and descriptive 'laws of thinking', which were the business of cognitive psychologists... [W]e should ignore all merely empirical discoveries, whether about the development of understanding in the individual mind or about the historical evolution of our communal understanding. ...Philosophers must concern themselves with 'concepts' only as timeless, intellectual ideals, towards which the human mind struggles, at best, painfully and little by little. ...[A]ctual conceptions current in any existing community are philosophically significant only as an approximation to the eternal system of ideal 'concepts'. ...[A]ny actual, historical set of conceptions has a legitimate intellectual claim on us, only to the extent that it approximates that ideal."