"Stuart Newman: Dr. Jaenisch mentioned the scenario of treating diabetics with embryo stem cells. But one of the problems in Type 1 diabetics is that they reject their own insulin producing cells. So even if you could clone that person into a clonal embryo, grow up islet cells and transplant them back into the diabetic, the person's immune system would still reject those cells. So you would have to find some way to immune-suppress the diabetic patients anyway, so as to treat them with embryo stem cells. I think that the American people are very optimistic and only want to hear about the promises, and don't want to hear about the downside. I just point out that in a very recent paper of Dr. Jaenisch 's that he spoke about, where he showed the proof of principle of using stem cells and transplanting differentiated bone marrow cells back into the mouse with the immune deficiency, there was another experiment as well where they corrected the genetic defect in the embryo stem cells. The embryo stem cells were used to produce a full term clone of the original genetically defective mouse, but with the genetic condition corrected. They now had a genetic twin of the original mouse with the corrected gene, and were then able to use bone marrow from that corrected mouse to treat the original mice. Now here's a scenario for which many people would say, “great!” People are already having new children to provide bone marrow for children with genetic conditions. If the public was aware that now you could clone your sick child and use the bone marrow from the new child--whom you'll love like your old child, of course--and transfer that bone marrow back into your sick child, huge sectors of the public would find that acceptable. And this is what I mean when I say that we're on a track where we're coming closer and closer to full term cloning, by way of all sorts of intermediate stages. And it's not that there aren't people already advocating this."