"For the prosperous, the kitchen traditionally dominated the English home during the Middle Ages. Food cooked at an open hearth with a plaster-coated wood surround. Passageways often linked the cooking area to the , , and , as was the case with the , . By the 1300s, stone kitchens had replaced the fire-prone wood structures. At manor houses such as , , the layout accommodated a division of labors: kitchen, pantry, and buttery at the screen end of the great hall and cellar beneath the dais, the elevated seating place of dignitaries and royalty. Thus, presentation of dishes began at the entranceway and concluded with kneeling servant bearing uplifted trays to high-level attendants, who spread the meal before the host and hostess and their honored guests."
January 1, 1970