"The focus of recent commentary on the doctor-patient relationship has been on trying to systematize the phenomenon. In an early attempt at categorization, and (1956) describe three basic models: activity-passivity, guidance-cooperation, and mutual participation. In contemporary terminology, the first two are commonly considered "paternalistic," while the third is seen as a "partnership." Many other descriptors have been proposed: physician and patient as friends or neighbors; doctor as priest and patient as disciple; doctor as parent, teacher, or chief tutor; patient as consumer, client, or beneficiary; doctor as fighter, provider, or caregiver; patient as a broken machine and doctor as a body mechanic."