"Immediately after the war, American military debate centered on which service should achieve primacy as the defender of the nation. The Army Air Forces (created as an independent service, the USAF, on September 18, 1947) argued that its Strategic Air Command, equipped with B-29s and nuclear bombs, could defend the country. The navy responded the carrier air power had won the war and would continue to serve the nation best in the future. There was a sub-debate over who should have operational control over ground-based air defense units manning weapons in the United States, the Army or Air Force. The National Security Act was passed on July, 26, 1947, creating the "Armed Forces of the United states" and integrating the Army, Navy and Air Force under the Department of Defense. The intent, at least, on paper, was to foster better inter-service cooperation. In practice, inter-service squabbling continued. Effectively, tactical command of antiaircraft units in the United states was assigned to the Air Force, while the Army would be responsible for manning, training and equipping the units. All this was simply a matter of debate, as by 1949 there was only one Regular Army antiaircraft unit in active service; a training battalion at the Antiaircraft Artillery School at Fort Bliss, TX. Three events helped push the question of continental air defense to the forefront, and forced a decision on which service would supply what."