"Mme Curie has made successive determinations of the atomic weight of the new element with specimens of steadily increasing purity. ...In these experiments about 0.l gram of pure radium chloride has been obtained by successive fractionations. The difficulty involved in preparing a quantity of pure radium chloride large enough to test the atomic weight may be gauged from the fact that only a few centigrams of fairly pure radium, or a few decigrams of less concentrated material, are obtained from treatment of about 2 tons of the mineral from which it is derived. ...Runge and Precht have examined the spectrum of radium in a magnetic field, and have shown the existence of series analogous to those observed for calcium, barium, and strontium. These series are connected with the atomic weights of the elements in question, and Runge and Precht have calculated by these means that the atomic weight of radium should be 258--a number considerably greater than the number 225 obtained by Mme Curie by means of chemical analysis. Marshall Watts, on the other hand, using another relation between the lines of the spectrum, deduced the value obtained by Mme Curie. Considering that the number found by Mme Curie agrees with that required by the periodic system, it is advisable in the present state of our knowledge to accept the experimental number rather than the one deduced by Runge and Precht from spectroscopic evidence."
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Radio-activity
Radio-activity is a book written in 1904 (a 2nd edition was published in 1905) by Ernest Rutherford. This was the year prior to Albert Eistein's paper on the special theory of relativity would be published. The following quotes are from the 1st edition of Radio-activity, unless otherwise noted. Rutherford's theory of radioactivity was initially opposed by Pierre Curie, who believed, due to conservation of energy concerns, that radioactive substances causing the energy to be produced from the env
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