"In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, women's bodies were unprotected. They were permeable, penetrable texts that might be read, analyzed, and exposed. Women by their very (sexual ad reproductive) nature indeed could not possess a coherent subjectivity, given that torture and labor played identical roles in destabilizing it. Just as torture simultaneously marked and revealed the truth of a crime on a broken, objectified individual's body, in other words, so too did labor mark and reveal the same on a similarly objectified woman's body. By the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, however-largely in the name of treating a legally defined, uniform citizenry, where the concept “natural,” even, was linked to the marriage contract-women's bodies became unbroken, and unbreakable. Even in labor, women maintained their subjectivity. They were indeed so intellectually collected, so capable of producing their own narratives, they they could deliberately obscure or hide a “truth” that in the eighteenth century would have appeared on their pain racked bodies regardless of their volition. At the same time, however, I want to suggest that this taking for granted of women's bodily integrity (linked to their subjectivity)-which eventually became the taking for granted of their right to bodily integrity (linked to their subjectivity)-did not by any means render women's bodies less spatially defined than they had been before. The only difference was that rather than serving as political space, they began to serve as biopolitical space. Just as occurred at the beginning of the twentieth century with the mobilization of consent theory, in other words, here with the mobilization of bodily integrity, we have, first of all, the rendering of all sex criminal by its very nature-subject to regulation by national and international; structures. Second, there is the replacement of torture by forensic medicine-each search for testimony reading women's bodies as passive objects, the only obvious difference between the two being forensic medicine's reliance on consent theory. And finally, we have the at this point exaggerated overlay between bodily boundaries and political boundaries-the mobilization of the right to bodily integrity turning violations of a woman's biological barriers into acts of treason."