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April 10, 2026
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"These interpretations suggest the simple equation that âmaterial culture = people = languageâ ... Processual and post-processual developments in archaeological theory have surely enabled us to abandon such crude equations and to acknowledge that the dynamics of material culture, ethnicity and language are far more complex."
"There is no evidence for an invasion or mass migration of new peoples from outside which destroyed the networks of the Integration Era. Instead, there is evidence in the form of both artefacts and structures which demonstrates that there was a degree of continuity, although the form, scale and patterns of human communities and their settlements altered; or as many researchers describe it, there was a distinct transformationâŚâŚ Indeed, Sankaliaâs statement of 1962 still remains valid, that despite almost a century of investigations, âwe have not found anything âAryanâ on the ruins of the Indus Valley Civilisationâ (Coningham and Young 2015)"
"The existence of a group of people called Indo-Europeans or Vedic Aryans has achieved the status of received wisdomâit has been repeated so often that it is now accepted fact, despite there being no satisfactory archaeological evidence whatsoever to support the presence of an incoming group of such numbers as historical and archaeological explanations require."
Young though he was, his radiant energy produced such an impression of absolute reliability that Hedgewar made him the first sarkaryavah, or general secretary, of the RSS.
- Gopal Mukund Huddar
Largely because of the influence of communists in London, Huddar's conversion into an enthusiastic supporter of the fight against fascism was quick and smooth. The ease with which he crossed from one worldview to another betrays the fact that he had not properly understood the world he had grown in.
Huddar would have been 101 now had he been alive. But then centenaries are not celebrated only to register how old so and so would have been and when. They are usually celebrated to explore how much poorer our lives are without them. Maharashtrian public life is poorer without him. It is poorer for not having made the effort to recall an extraordinary life.
I regret I was not there to listen to Balaji Huddar's speech [...] No matter how many times you listen to him, his speeches are so delightful that you feel like listening to them again and again.
By the time he came out of Franco's prison, Huddar had relinquished many of his old ideas. He displayed a worldview completely different from that of the RSS, even though he continued to remain deferential to Hedgewar and maintained a personal relationship with him.