Rail transport

"The old Great Western Railway shakes, The old Great Western Railway spins; The old Great Western Railway makes Me very sorry for my sins."

"RAILROAD, n. The chief of many mechanical devices enabling us to get away from where we are to where we are no better off. For this purpose the railroad is held in highest favor by the optimist, for it permits him to make the transit with great expedition."

"Every person of any experience in Courts of justice, knows that a scintilla of evidence against a railway company is enough to secure a verdict for the plaintiff. I was once in a case before a most able Judge, the late Chief Justice Jervis, in which I was beaten, I dare say rightly, in consequence of an observation of his: "Nothing is so easy as to be wise after the event.""

"Cases before the Railway Commissioners must not be cited as authorities to us."

"Before the railroad... you simply could not transport agricultural goods more than one hundred miles by land. By that mile marker, the horses or oxen would have eaten as much as they could pull. Either you found a navigable water course... or you were stuck in bare self-sufficiency for all of your staples. ...[O]verwhelmingly, what you wore, ate, and used to pass your hours was made within your local township, or dearly bought."

"a TEN-YEAR-OLD lad in Indianapolis who was arrested for picking up coal along the side of railroad tracks is now in jail. If the boy had known enough to steal the whole railroad he would be heralded as a Napoleon of finance."

"Outwards from London, Glasgow, Amsterdam and Hamburg there radiated the lines - shipping lines, railway lines, telegraph lines - that were the sinews of Western imperial power. Regular steamships connected the great commercial centres to every corner of the globe. They criss-crossed the oceans; they plied its great lakes; they chugged up and down its navigable rivers. At the ports where they loaded and unloaded their passengers and cargoes, there were railway stations, and from these emanated the second great network of the Victorian age: the iron rails, along which ran rhythmically, in accordance with scrupulously detailed timetables, a clunking cavalcade of steam trains. A third network, of copper and rubber rather than iron, enabled the rapid telegraphic communication of orders of all kinds: orders to be obeyed by imperial functionaries, orders to be filled by overseas merchants - even holy orders could use the telegraph to communicate with the thousands of missionaries earnestly disseminating West European creeds and ancillary beneficial knowledge to the heathen. These networks bound the world together as never before, seeming to 'annihilate distance' and thereby creating truly global markets for commodities, manufactures, labour and capital. In turn, it was these markets that peopled the prairies of the American Mid-West and the steppe of Siberia, grew rubber in Malaya and tea in Ceylon, bred sheep in Queensland and cattle in the pampas, dug diamonds from the pipes of Kimberley and gold from the rich seams of the Rand."

"If the workers took a notion They could stop all speeding trains; Every ship upon the ocean They can tie with mighty chains."

"France had more than 11,000 miles of railway track in 1869. In the previous three decades the railway had transformed the nation more than any other single invention. It had stimulated the economy, created new social relations, and transformed the urban environment as metropolitan life began to revolve around the train station more than—as previously—the church or the town hall. The railway had likewise influenced artists, in particular landscapists, by bringing... destinations... within easy reach of their Paris studios. It had also, like photography, caused a shift in visual perception by altering the relationship between the viewer and the physical landscape, across which one could suddenly travel at speeds in excess of fifty miles per hour. It could be argued that the hasty-looking landscapes of Monet and Pisarro owed something to the brief vistas glimpsed as they loomed and then dissolved in the window of a train carriage. One Albert Wolff] critic of the Brignolles painters complained... that Monet "paints as if from an express train.""

"Man denke an den Bau einer neuen Eisenbahnstrecke. Soll man sie überhaupt bauen und wenn ja, welche von mehreren denkbaren Strecken soll gebaut werden? In der freien Verkehrs- und Geldwirtschaft vermag man die Rechnung in Geld aufzustellen. Die neue Strecke wird bestimmte Gütersendungen verbilligen, und man vermag nun zu berechnen, ob diese Verbilligung so groß ist, daß sie die Ausgaben, die der Bau und der Betrieb der neuen Linie erfordern, übersteigt. Das kann nur in Geld berechnet werden. Durch die Gegenüberstellung von verschie-denartigen Naturalausgaben und Naturalersparungen vermag man hier nicht zum Ziele zu kommen. Wenn man keine Möglichkeit hat, Arbeitsstunden verschieden qualifizierter Arbeit, Eisen Kohle, Baumaterial jeder Art, Maschinen und andere Dinge die Bau und Betrieb von Eisenbahnen erfordern, auf eine gemeinsamen Ausdruck zu bringen, dann kann man die Rechnung nicht durchführen. Die wirtschaftliche Trassierung ist nur möglich, wenn man alle in Betracht kommenden Güter auf Geld zurückzuführen vermag. Gewiß, die Geldrechnung hat ihre Unvollkommenheiten und ihre schweren Mängel, aber wir haben eben nichts besseres an ihre Stelle zu setzen; für die praktischen Zwecke des Lebens reicht die Geldrechnung eines gesunden Geldwesens immerhin aus. Verzichten wir auf sie, dann wird jeder Wirtschaftskalkul schlechthin unmöglich.Die sozialistische Gemeinschaft wird sich freilich zu helfen wissen. Sie wird ein Machtwort sprechen und sich für oder gegen den geplanten Bau entscheiden. Doch diese Entscheidung wird bestenfalls auf Grund vager Schätzungen erfolgen; niemals wird sie auf der Grundlage eines genauen Wertkalkuls aufgebaut sein."

"At this time ambassadors remained essential due to the slowness of communications. It could take a month for a letter to travel from London to St. Petersburg; in 1822 the record for an urgent dispatch to Vienna was one week. But in the 1840s and 1850s railways started to spread across the Continent, while steamships dramatically reduced the duration of sea voyages. After the introduction of the electric telegraph in the 1870s, ciphered telegrams replaced written dispatches for urgent business. Now that messages could be sent and answered within hours, the embassies in far-flung capitals could be subject to daily supervision. In 1904 the British diplomat Sir Francis Bertie complained that an ambassador had been reduced to the status of a “damned marionette,” with the Foreign Office pulling the wires."

"The Erie railroad kills 23 to 46; the other 845 railroads kill an average of one-third of a man each; and the rest of that million, amounting in the aggregate to that appalling figure of 987,631 corpses, die naturally in their beds! You will excuse me from taking any more chances on those beds. The railroads are good enough for me."