chemists-from-the-united-states

"... Even minor during the growing period may prevent full potential growth from being attained. ... Growth potential is not a thing that can be speeded up and lowed down and still obtain the same end results. According to ..., if one does not use the full potential alI the way along, one does not achieve full development. The same ultimate weight may be reached but not the ideal shape and composition. If the rate of growth is sufficiently slowed down, the adult is not only smalI but under-developed with normal or nearly normal head size, moderately retarded trunk and relatively short legs."

"(quote from p. 521)"

"A previous publication reported the occurrence of in the eyes of all rats fed on rations containing as the chief source of . Negative results with other carbohydrates tested led to an investigation of as the next logical step. This sugar was fed to young rats at 35% and 25% levels corresponding to the galactose available from the 70% and 50% lactose rations fed in previous experiments. Four rats on the 35% galactose ration developed mature bilateral cataract in 12, 14, 14, and 37 days respectively (average 19 days), whereas those on the 25% galactose ration were somewhat more delayed. The average time for the development of mature bilateral cataract in 49 rats fed the 70% lactose ration was 10 weeks, approximately 4 times as long. Controls fed on the 70% starch ration showed no eye changes."

"Remember that there were no in the 1920's, and every had to depend on a few recognized authorities for estimates of needs of children. In 1923, called attention ... to the protein needs for optimal growth in rats which he estimated to be about 15 per cent of the calories. He contrasted that with which provides only 7 per cent of the calories in the form of protein, to provide for the growth of the infant. He also emphasized what and had demonstrated earlier that animal proteins were more efficient for growth than plant proteins."

"Developing novel medicines is hard. Most of the time, compounds don’t make it all the way through to development, so to be part of a project that made it through commercial launch to have a direct impact on so many patients is incredible."

"I will discuss mechanistic studies of the factors that contribute to these PTM-mediated protein-protein interactions using a combination of high-throughput mechanistic screening, genetic code expansion, and investigation of PTM-isosteres, and how this has led to novel approaches to inhibit them."

"That early read out was a sign that what we were doing was incredibly efficacious in the field."

"Post-translational modifications, PTMs, in histone proteins, including lysine methylation and acylation, regulate gene expression through recruitment of reader proteins to the nucleosome. Dysregulation of these events is prevalent in a wide range of diseases, such that there is much interest in characterizing these modifications and their binding partners as well as developing inhibitors for these protein-protein interactions."

"I was like wishing I had a time machine, and I could go back to myself and like, punch myself in the face, actually. It wasn’t even like say no, it was like, physically remind myself that I didn’t like to do that."

"I was always interested in understanding the natural world, even as a child. I wondered if milk was a pure liquid or whether it was a mixture of things in water, at about age 8. In later schooling, physics seemed boring, biology was messy, and chemistry was just right."

"There are more tasks to do than there are time to do them."

"So many problems in society have a technical solution rooted in chemistry: sustainable energy, food security, clean water, personalised medicine."

"With men, the response is often led with the person’s accomplishments. With women, it is often initially focused on style and behavior; capabilities come second."

"Maybe it’s time to rethink what we value as strengths and signs of leadership."

"I realized I was the only woman on the list. There were 12 names, and I was the only one, it shocked me. Most of my women friends are scientists. They are doing extremely well — why don’t they get the top jobs?"

"I always believed that if you just like laid down the facts, provided the evidence, that people would go along with what was best for humanity. And that has not been the case during this pandemic. That has killed me."

"An aerosol is a stable suspension of solid or liquid particles in the air. They come out of someone’s mouth, or they come out of a smokestack, or they come out of the tailpipe, and you watch them, they don’t fall to the ground. They float and waft off into the sky."

"I thought that being a company co-founder would be an amazing opportunity (and I was right!). Founding Caribou was risky. We did not know if we’d be able to raise money, hire a team, and ultimately build a successful organization. However, it was an exciting challenge I feel really lucky to have jumped into. As a company co-founder, and especially as the founding president and CEO, I’ve had the opportunity to work with many talented colleagues and lead Caribou to achieve some important milestones, including dosing the first patient in our phase 1 clinical trial for our first allogeneic cell therapy, CB-010, and completing a successful $350 million IPO."

"Since my freshman year of high school, I have been intrigued by RNA. I conducted my Ph.D. research in Jennifer Doudna’s lab where I was the first student to work on CRISPR. Based on work that was done in her lab, we co-founded Caribou Biosciences with two other scientists. I wanted to transition from academia to industry to have a more direct impact through science on my community. Today at Caribou, our goal is to help realize the promise of CRISPR genome-editing technology and to develop new, potentially transformative cell therapies to help patients with devastating diseases. A role in industry provides me the opportunity to contribute to the development of new therapies for patients that could have a meaningful impact on their lives."

"Rockefeller, where she worked for seven years, was an “awesome and inspiring” place to be."

"Courage is like — it’s a habitus, a habit, a virtue: you get it by courageous acts. It’s like you learn to swim by swimming. You learn courage by couraging."

"Our goal is to design systems that can be activated by light to selectively target cancer cells, while leaving healthy cells unharmed."

"By understanding how molecules absorb and use light, we can create new approaches that address some of the most difficult problems in medicine."

"In those days, it was common for a woman to be addressed as ‘Miss’ even though she had earned a Ph.D. degree."

"We’re using the power of supercomputing to see things no microscope can—how viruses move, interact, and evolve."

"I went into chemistry instead of engineering because I thought engineers drove trains."

"That's right. That's right. They were scientists involved in public health. And for that reason, I always was encouraged to explore science, math, as well as all of the broader fields of social and physical sciences."

"It's estimated that 30 percent of type II diabetes patients have NASH [nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, a severe form of fatty liver disease]."

"Yes, I was academically inclined. I was the good student. I raised my hand a lot. I got good grades, and I tended to be very much engaged with my teachers. I tended to know my teachers very well."

"You must love chemistry; you must be committed; and you must prove yourself over and over."

"If I was talking to someone I mentor, I would say to make sure that you’re comfortable in your own skin. I don’t care what job you have. You need to know who you are, and then you look for a place that wants who you are. Then you go and do the best you can, being who you are authentically. And I think that’ll work."

"I wanted to go to a Black college to allow the students to have the opportunity to get the kind of education that I had gotten; because I felt coming from where I came from that it was almost impossible for me to get the kind of training I had gotten. (...) I squeezed through the wire mesh fence."

"Having left various roles and come into different roles, I pride myself on being a good leaver. I just left Duke University, which I loved and still love, and I don’t allow anybody to talk to me about anything there."

"We will advance knowledge, economic prosperity and social justice by welcoming and inspiring inquisitive minds from all backgrounds."

"I work and work and still it seems I have nothing done."

"It is a privilege to be in leadership, and we are indeed in service to people."

"I thought about me — as a little girl, desperately looking for someone like me in science who was an inspiration, and it changed my perspective."

"For the first 18 years of my career, I was the only Black woman in my field. When I was in the Navy, I was the only Black girl in my division. Afterwards in my lab, I was the only Black woman in the whole facility – and initially they thought I was the janitor."

"You feel like you have to represent your entire race and descend the racial stereotypes … especially in nuclear and radiochemistry."

"That experience taught me about making decisions and to just keep going but to always maintain your dignity."

"I knew how to get out because I could read and I had to get out because the environment was dangerous."

"And, today, I’m grateful to Miss Ann, for showing me a direction I didn’t want to take."

"I’m not a flashy or provocative person, although I am unafraid of taking a stand when it’s important. As president, I plan to focus on gaps and weaknesses at the ASBMB and the detailed steps needed to address them."

"Right now, we have three priorities. First is to recapture the annual meeting’s reputation as a must-attend event. Second is to expand our visibility and membership, especially among young investigators. Third is to restore the prominence and stature of the Journal of Biological Chemistry, where we’ve been fortunate to appoint Lila Gierasch as editor-in-chief and Fred Guengerich as deputy editor."

"The ASBMB has profoundly influenced discovery, and the importance of BMB in our current era is growing, not shrinking. This is obvious just by looking at the approximately one-third of human open reading frames and majority of noncoding RNAs whose functions are unknown and the overwhelming numbers of new regulatory connections generated from large-scale studies. Our discipline is the cornerstone of what’s needed to discover the functions of new molecules and mechanisms underlying their connectios."

"I try to be involved in every aspect of my lab, but I let my students and postdocs — currently eight in all — work independently enough to discover their strengths, while following behind to support them. That’s not too different from the way I view leadership elsewhere, where my instinct is to try to solve the most important problems and avoid fixing what’s not broken."

"My first postdoctoral job was with Christoph de Haën at the University of Washington, where I studied hormone receptor binding. Christoph was unable to renew his funding and had to close his lab, and that’s how I learned about the importance of grants! He ended up great anyway, eventually becoming director of preclinical research at Bracco and director of the Milano Research Center. I then moved to the lab of the late Edwin Krebs for a second postdoc, where I was among the first to describe MAP kinases and MAP kinase kinases. That started my career in signal transduction."

"After finishing a high school degree overseas, I majored in chemistry at the University of Washington in Seattle and did undergraduate research in X-ray crystallography with the late Lyle Jensen and protein hydrodynamics with David Teller. I obtained my Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley, where I studied enzymology with Judith Klinman. Judith is an incredibly deep thinker as well as a generous and courageous individual who continues to be one of my greatest inspirations."

"I still work on MAP kinase and other signaling pathways. When I started at the University of Colorado, I began applying the new technology of protein mass spectrometry to address questions in signaling. This was done in collaboration with my late partner, Katheryn Resing. My lab’s applications of proteomics to signal transduction have led to broad discoveries, ranging from new mechanisms for cell regulation to mechanisms for allosteric control of MAP kinases."

"I was always interested in science. When John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, I remember riding my tricycle and thinking that I too wanted to be an astronaut. Later, when I became an assistant professor at the University of Colorado, three of my first lab members had segued into biochemistry after first starting in aerospace engineering. So I appreciate how NASA and other big-science efforts promote science by inspiring kids."